32 Patriotic Independence Day Quotes

32 Patriotic Independence Day Quotes It was a noteworthy second when Thomas Jefferson, alongside different individuals from the Continental Congress, drafted the Declaration of Independence. The Continental Congress proclaimed the individuals of America autonomous from the British settlements. It was the critical point in time all Americans had hung tight for. On the off chance that the exertion of disavowing from the British succeeded, the pioneers of the development would be hailed as obvious American saints. Be that as it may, if the exertion fizzled, the pioneers would be blameworthy of treachery and face passing. It was the astute wording of the Declaration of Independence, trailed by some savvy systems utilized by the pioneers that started the Independence development. What followed was a tireless force battle to increase supreme autonomy from the British government. July 4, 1776, was the memorable day when the Continental Congress endorsed the Declaration of Independence. Consistently, Americans cheer and observe Independence Day, or the fourth of July, with incredible exhibition. In the midst of bright processions, banner raising functions, and grill parties, Americans recall the enduring their ancestors suffered to win them valuable opportunity. Enthusiastic Quotes for Independence Day Erma Bombeck: You need to adore a country that praises its freedom each July 4, not with a procession of firearms, tanks, and warriors who record by the White House in a demonstration of solidarity and muscle, yet with family picnics where children toss Frisbees, the potato serving of mixed greens gets risky, and the flies bite the dust from satisfaction. You may think you have overeaten, however it is patriotism.Adlai Stevenson: America is considerably more than a geological reality. It is a political and good actuality the main network where men set out on a basic level to organize opportunity, dependable government, and human equality.Elmer Davis: This country will remain the place that is known for the free just insofar as it is the home of the brave.Joseph Addison: Let opportunity never die in your hands.Dwight D. Eisenhower: Freedom has its life in the hearts, the activities, the soul of men thus it must be day by day earned and invigorated - else like a bloom cut from its nurt uring roots, it will shrivel and die.George Bernard Shaw: Liberty is the breath of life to countries. Woodrow Wilson: The American Revolution was a start, not a consummation.Harry Emerson Fosdick: Liberty is consistently perilous, yet it is the most secure thing we have.Ralph Waldo Emerson: For what benefit the furrow or sail, or land or life, if opportunity fail?Daniel Webster: May the sun in his course visit no land all the more free, progressively upbeat, all the more beautiful, than this our own country!John Dickinson: Then join connected at the hip, daring Americans all!By joining we remain, by isolating we fall.Hamilton Fish: If our nation merits passing on for in time of war let us settle that it is genuinely worth living for in time of peace.Benjamin Franklin: Where freedom stays, there is my country.Thomas Paine: Those who hope to procure the endowments of opportunity, must, similar to men, experience the weakness of supporting it.-  Thomas Paine: In a chariot of light from the locale of the day,The Goddess of Liberty cameShe acquired her hand as a promise of her love,The plant she named Liberty Tree.He that would make his own libertyâ ​secure,â must watch even his adversary from resistance; for on the off chance that he damages this obligation he builds up a point of reference that will arrive at himself. Franklin D. Roosevelt: The breezes that blow through the wide sky in these mounts, the breezes that clear from Canada to Mexico, from the Pacific to the Atlantic - have consistently blown on free men.James G. Blaine: The United States is the main nation with a known birthday.Paul Sweeney: How regularly we neglect to understand our favorable luck in living in a nation where bliss is in excess of an absence of tragedy.Hubert H. Humphrey: We need an America with the shrewdness of experience. Be that as it may, we should not let America develop old in spirit.George Santayana: A keeps an eye on feet must be planted in his nation, yet his eyes should overview the world.Bill Vaughan: A genuine nationalist is the kindred who gets a stopping ticket and celebrates that the framework works.John Quincy Adams: All men purport genuineness as long as possible. To accept all men legit would be habit. To accept none so is something worse.Aurora Raigne: America, for me, has been the interest and getti ng of happiness.Gerald Stanley Lee: America is a tune. It must be sung together. Lee Greenwood: And Im pleased to be an American, where in any event I know Im free. What's more, I wont overlook the men who kicked the bucket, who gave that privilege to me.John F. Kennedy: And in this way, my kindred Americans: ask not what your nation can accomplish for you - approach what you can accomplish for your nation. My kindred residents of the world: approach not what America will accomplish for you, yet what together we can accomplish for the opportunity of man.John F. Kennedy: Let each country know, regardless of whether it wishes us well or sick, we will address any cost, bear any weight, meet any difficulty, bolster any companion, restrict any adversary, to guarantee the endurance and achievement of liberty.Oliver Wendell Holmes: One banner, one land, one heart, one hand, One Nation evermore!Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.: So let opportunity ring from the tremendous ridges of New Hampshire.Let opportunity ring from the compelling heaps of New York.Let opportunity ri ng from the increasing Alleghenies of Pennsylvania!Let opportunity ring from the snowcapped Rockies of Colorado!Let opportunity ring from the shapely pinnacles of California!But not just that; let opportunity ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia!Let opportunity ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee!Let opportunity ring from each slope and each molehill of Mississippi.From each mountainside, let opportunity ring. Abraham Lincoln, The Gettysburg Address, 1863: Four score and seven years prior our dads delivered on this mainland another country, considered in freedom, and committed to the recommendation that all men are made equivalent.

Food is culture, culture is food Essay

A greater part of individuals truly care about their wellbeing when they pick nourishments to eat. They generally think: The food they eat must gives their bodies the â€Å"information† and materials they have to work appropriately. On the off chance that they don’t get the correct data, their metabolic procedures endure and their wellbeing decays. http://www. takingcharge. csh. umn. edu/investigate recuperating rehearses/food-medication/how-does-food-sway wellbeing Espcially in Vietnam, the majority of individuals consistently utilize five basic taste components when they’re cooking. For Vietnamese individuals, salt is utilized as the association between the universes of the living and the dead. Cooking and eating assume a critical job in Vietnamese culture. The word an (eat) is remembered for an extraordinary number of maxims and has an enormous scope of semantic augmentations. http://en. wikipedia. organization/wiki/Vietnamese_cuisine#Cultural_importance Vietnamese cooking is intelligent of the Vietnamese way of life from the readiness to how the food is served. Experiencing long periods of war and political clashes, just as social moves, most by far of the Vietnamese individuals have been living in neediness. Along these lines, the elements for Vietnamese food are frequently modest yet in any case, the manner in which they are cooked together to make a yin †yang balance make the food basic in look however wealthy in flavor. Because of financial condition, boosting the utilization of fixings to set aside cash has become a custom in Vietnamese cooking. http://en. wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamese_cuisine#Food_in_relation_to_lifestyle. WHAT DOES FOOD IS CULTURE, CULTURE IS FOOD MEAN TO YOU? In each nation, there’s consistently have their symbols or nourishments which is represent for their nation picture. Espcially food, as I would like to think, food is one of the thing which can be acquainted with outsiders about the country’s culture a lot simpler than different things, for example, garments, souvernirs†¦ And a ton of nations have demonstrated their way of life through the manner in which they cook food, through the manner in which they eat and through the manner in which they use element for their cooking.

How to write a Perfect Article Review

How to write a Perfect Article Review Any article review is a constructive and critical evaluation of literature in a specific field through a comparison, summary, analysis, or classification. If you need to write a scientific article review, use relevant database searches in your research process. This academic assignment provides you a great opportunity to evaluate and analyze the works of other experts in the chosen field. How to write an article review? You need to evaluate a given article for its originality, clarity, and contribution to a specific study. Understand the depth of evaluation and analysis that professors seek. Intro How should you write an article review? Sometimes, teachers don’t ask to use articles as primary sources, so you can write a review on any academic, scientific, or scholarly work. This type of assignment shows how well you can find relevant articles through your in-depth research. An article review is the essay that contains your well-structured and critical assessment of the chosen literary work. To earn good grades, it’s not enough to make a summary of the chosen article. What is article review? It’s a type of custom academic writing that requires high standards and your in-depth presentation of strong arguments. The main goal is to review a specific subject, summarize relevant facts, and give your clear understanding. Writing a good article review involves: Critiques and comparisons; Classifications and summarizations. You need to use different ideas, theories, and research related to a particular subject area. Your review won’t succeed if it doesn’t introduce any new information and it only presents a response to the works of other authors. What to describe article review? You need to clearly define the elements of your article review, including: A summary of the chosen article (identification of key facts, concepts, and claims without any non-informative compression of authors’ thoughts); A description of positive aspects (present your ideas about the objectivity, persuasiveness, and credibility of authors’ thoughts while evaluating their writing style, structure, and vocabulary); Your analysis of negative aspects (determine authors’ ideas that stay elaborated insufficiently or uncovered); Directions for future research or studies (make a strong statement why a further development of a specific subject is needed). Elements of good article review A good article review should include the following: Your hook or an attention-grabbing sentence that contains an interesting fact, life story, statistics, anecdote, literature or famous quote, or article extract; A great article abstract that must contain your summary of key points (use information from concluding and introductory parts); A powerful introduction with a strong thesis that reflects the main point of your article review; Transition words that make your paper logical; Indirect citations from the article, including interesting stats, facts, and other relevant data; Direct citations to support your writing; Subjective or objective critique through a definition of weak points in research, content disparities, and opposing views; A results section or discussion that summarizes the essence of everything important. Article review outline As you keep reading the chosen article, organize all ideas into coherent sections in your outline. Jot down all significant contributions, facts, and contradictions while identifying all strengths and shortcomings. Start mapping your article review outline accordingly. If you have any problems with brainstorming, check available samples. Your outline serves as a detailed plan of your future paper that helps you save a lot of time. Structure of article review A good article review must contain these basic parts: A pre-title page where you list the article that you will review, its title, authors, and their affiliations; Optional authors’ details, such as their phone numbers, email, and others; The title of your paper; A summary page (optional) that uses a simple language, provides a relevant background, summarizes results, and explains the importance of your work; A title page with a title and an abstract; The introduction with a strong thesis; Body with a few paragraphs and evidence to support your thesis; References or works cited; Tables and figures when needed. How to write an article review Read the chosen article attentively and take notes of interesting phrases, words, and concepts that you need to define and research. Find unknown terms online or in libraries and take clear notes that you can turn into strong paragraphs later. Discuss the chosen subject with other people. Gather enough materials to write a perfect article review. Schedule enough time to spend on researching and writing it. Start writing your first draft and ensure that you use the style that critiques, summarizes, or reviews the chosen material. Your successful article review must be something more than only a description because you need to analyze, understand, and interpret while offering a personal opinion when required. Write an introductory paragraph last to present your detailed analysis in a proper way. Put all paragraphs together and review your paper. The process of writing article review Summarize a specific article by revisiting everything that authors wrote. Take notes of relevant findings and facts while including authors’ conclusions. Critique the chosen article and present its strong and weak sides. Don’t forget to highlight the knowledge contributed to the field. Write about its contradictions and gaps to take your standpoint of either supporting or oppose authors’ assertions. It’s also necessary to support all of your arguments with strong facts and relevant theories pertinent to a particular field. Use relevant templates and rubrics to grade and evaluate your article. Crafting a conclusion When writing a conclusion of your article review, you need to revisit all key points, findings, and your critique. Write about the validity, accuracy, and relevance of results while giving your way forward for future studies or research. Topic ideas Draw attention to modern employment issues; Evaluate the effectiveness of remote learning; Determine differences between project and portfolio management; Dealing with multicultural identity; Role modeling and body size; Describe irony in articles; Same-gender couples growing kids in a healthy setting; Backgrounds of the chosen author; Character evolution; The system of evaluation in private colleges. How to choose a right topic In most cases, teachers assign specific topics to their students who need to write article reviews. Sometimes, you have a freedom to choose a good topic on your own. Don’t make a mistake of selecting the articles or subjects that aren’t interesting to you. If you have no idea of the article that you want to review, talk to your friends and family to get their useful suggestions. It’s advisable to peer through the textbooks relevant to the chosen subject because they usually contain many helpful references. When choosing the best article to review, ensure that its content appeals to you and you can easily understand it. Read some excerpts from it and pay attention to its style and vocabulary. Tips for writing To make the process of writing your article review easier, check these helpful tips. First, read the chosen article and organize all of your ideas. That’s because the pre-stage of article review writing involves repeated reading and jotting down relevant thoughts. Focus on inconsistencies and gaps. Create a detailed outline to save your time. It can have two types because it’s possible to either re-write the chosen text in your own words or list down its weak and strong sides. If you’re sure that there are wrong notions in the chosen article, mark them all down. Get a better understanding of abstract variations (informative and descriptive). The latter one is focused on general subjects, while an informative abstract spares a few lines for every analysis chapter. You should know the basic elements that go into this type of academic writing. A good article review consists of its title, abstract, introduction, body, conclusion, etc. If teachers require a special illustration section, map it out carefully. It serves as a visual representation of your paper structure. Feel free to include boxes to describe rare terms or concepts. Pay close attention to the main body of your article review, which contains a few paragraphs based on the number of your major points. Every paragraph should start with a separate point and continue with supporting facts or data. You aren’t required to including your personal likes or dislikes. The concluding paragraph of your article review should contain a hope for future research or studies. You need to reiterate the entire piece and include certain implications of the analysis to earn better grades. Article review samples and examples To learn how to write this academic paper, you should look at available article review examples and samples based on your grade level. They are easily available online and can guide the entire writing process. Use them as your helpful guides to avoid common pitfalls and use effective methods. Conclusion Whether you have a rough article review draft or a blank slate, you may need extra help. Don’t worry because you can easily get professional paper writing help online. Our qualified writers are highly professional and can successfully complete any academic assignment within any urgent deadlines.

Essay about Analysis of Song How to Save A Life by The Fray

The Frays hit song, How To Save a Life, tells a story of a mentor, also a friend, who is trying to save a life of a troubled youth. The story starts off with the teenager and this friend sitting down to have a talk about what is wrong in the teen?s life. The second line reads, he walks, you say sit down its just a talk, this showing anger and fear of what might be brought up in conversation, so he tries to run away from the problem. Although neither individual wants to have the talk, they both respect each other enough to be polite, He smiles politely back at you/ You stare politely right on through. Then the narrator mentions a metaphorical window to your right/As he goes left and you stay right, which is telling us,†¦show more content†¦Then it is told that, ?he will do one of two things/he will admit to everything/or hell say hes just not the same,? which is meaning he might come out and say he needs help and stay, or he might leave and never return. The last verse ends with, ?and youll begin to wonder why you came,? once again, any which way telling us that even at the end of the conversation he is doubting his skills to help the youth. The chorus takes place in the mind of the mentor, ?where did I go wrong?/I lost a friend/somewhere along in the bitterness/and I would have stayed up with you all night/had I known how to save a life.? He is, at heart, telling himself he failed to save someone because he didn?t know how. The very first line of the song the lyrics read, ?step one, you say we need to talk,? which is obviously tryi ng to give a step-by-step detail of how someone would go about having a difficult talk with someone who may be ruining their life. The song was written to guide someone to help those in need. In an interview that Christian radio personality, Stan Friedman, had with Isaac Slade, the Fray?s lead vocalist, Friedman mentions, ?The title track to How to Save a Life recounts Slades mentoring relationship with a teenager at a Christian halfway house who seemed hell-bent on destroying himself?but, fortunately, did not? (Christian Music Today). In the same interview Slade says:Show MoreRelatedThe Death and Madness of Ophelia1248 Words   |  5 PagesPolonius, King of Denmark) begins to go mad, as well, after Hamlet kills her father, and the other numerous tragedies that plague her like a black cloud hovering about until her untimely death. In this literary analysis I will ask, and attempt to explain the symbolism behind the riddles, mad songs, rhymes, and death of Ophelia. Also, Queen Gertrude’s announcement of Ophelias death has been seen as one of the most influentially poetic death announcements in literature. Whether Ophelia killed herselfRead MoreEMI Corporate Finance Essay7263 Words   |  30 Pagesif EMI was to maintain its independence. EMI With a storied history that included such names as the Beatles, the Beach Boys, Pink Floyd, and Duran Duran, it was not difficult to understand why EMI considered its current and historical catalog of songs and recordings among the best in the world. EMI, Warner Music Group, Sony BMG Music Entertainment, and Universal Music Group, collectively known as â€Å"the majors,† dominated the music industry in the early 21st century and accounted for more than two-thirdsRead MoreSocial Media Business Model Analysis - Case Tencent, Facebook, and Myspace34799 Words   |  140 Pagesl Social Media Business Model Analysis - Case Tencent, Facebook, and Myspace Logistics Masters thesis Xiaoyan Hu 2011 Department of Information and Service Economy Aalto University School of Economics ABSTRACT The term of social media is becoming increasingly popular presently, the amount of social media users is growing dramatically, and the monetization of social media has been discussed in publications but not in details. Nowadays, the most frequently used approach to make money forRead MoreSocial Media Business Model Analysis - Case Tencent, Facebook, and Myspace34799 Words   |  140 Pagesl Social Media Business Model Analysis - Case Tencent, Facebook, and Myspace Logistics Master s thesis Xiaoyan Hu 2011 Department of Information and Service Economy Aalto University School of Economics ABSTRACT The term of social media is becoming increasingly popular presently, the amount of social media users is growing dramatically, and the monetization of social media has been discussed in publications but not in details. Nowadays, the most frequently used approach to make money forRead MoreMonsanto: Better Living Through Genetic Engineering96204 Words   |  385 Pages441 441 CASE STUDIES A summary of the case analysis I N T R O D U C T I O N Preparing an effective case analysis: The full story Hearing with the aid of implanted technology: The case of Cochlearâ„ ¢ – an Australian C A S E O N E high-technology leader Delta Faucet: Global entrepreneurship in an emerging market C A S E T W O DaimlerChrysler: Corporate governance dynamics in a global company C A S E T H R E E Gunns and the greens: Governance issues in Tasmania C A S E F O U R Succeeding in theRead MoreCase Study148348 Words   |  594 Pagesprepare for your exams †¢ A multi-lingual online glossary to help explain key concepts †¢ Guidance on how to analyse a case study †¢ Links to relevant sites on the web so you can explore more about the organisations featured in the case studies †¢ Classic cases – over 30 case studies from previous editions of the book †¢ The Strategy Experience simulation gives you hands-on experience of strategic analysis and putting strategy into action Resources for instructors †¢ Instructor’s manual, including extensiveRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 Pagesof Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) Concepts to Text Topics Chapter 1 Modern Project Management Chapter 8 Scheduling resources and cost 1.2 Project defined 1.3 Project management defined 1.4 Projects and programs (.2) 2.1 The project life cycle (.2.3) App. G.1 The project manager App. G.7 Political and social environments F.1 Integration of project management processes [3.1] 6.5.2 Setting a schedule baseline [8.1.4] 6.5.3.1 Setting a resource schedule 6.5.2.4 Resource leveling 7.2 SettingRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesPerspectives on the Past, edited by Susan Porter Benson, Stephen Brier, and Roy Rosenzweig Also in this series: Paula Hamilton and Linda Shopes, eds., Oral History and Public Memories Tiffany Ruby Patterson, Zora Neale Hurston and a History of Southern Life Lisa M. Fine, The Story of Reo Joe: Work, Kin, and Community in Autotown, U.S.A. Van Gosse and Richard Moser, eds., The World the Sixties Made: Politics and Culture in Recent America Joanne Meyerowitz, ed., History and September 11th John McMillian

About hanoi - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 25 Words: 7429 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Food Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? HANOI A, Introduction about Hanoi Chapter 1: History 1, Modern History As it had under Chinese rule, Vietnamese nationalism simmered quietly throughout the country, waiting for an opportunity. Young Nguyen Tat Thanh, better known by his alias Ho Chi Minh, thought that the end of WWI was a good opening, so he tried to present a plan for an independent Vietnam to US president Woodrow Wilson at the 1919 Versailles Peace Conference. Evidently, self-determination was for Europeans alone. When France fell to Nazi Germany in 1940, the Vichy government allowed the Japanese to put troops in Vietnam. The United States knew enough not to count on any French resistance, instead opting to pump arms and funding into the communist-dominated Viet Minh forces. Our leader, Ho Chi Minh, graciously accepted and began harassing the Japanese mercilessly. After the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Uncle Ho called for a general uprising known as the August Revolution, and on September 2, 1945, Ho Chi Minh and his National Liberation Committee (with US officials at his s ide) declared the Democratic Republic of Vietnam independent at a rally in Ba Dinh Square. The French were not pleased, and fought the Viet Minh tooth and nail for eight years, despite a massive military aid package from the USA and formal recognition by both China and the USSR. On May 7, 1954, the French threw in the towel and surrendered North Vietnam to the Viet Minh. Fiercely anti-communist leader Ngo Dinh Diem was elected (more or less; a lot of dead people voted in that election) president of South Vietnam. Soon afterward, the USA closed its consulate in Hanoi. In 1959, Southern cadres asked that the North Vietnamese join them in armed struggle against the Diem regime. Hanoi responded by agreeing to help the National Liberation Front (NLF), also known as the Viet Cong, who were mainly communist South Vietnamese resisters with little training. Without French troops, however, the South Vietnamese army was incredibly weak, and the Western world looked on nervously as Diem began l osing control of the situation. The USA sent 2000 military advisers to South Vietnam in 1961, the number swelling to 23,000 by 1964. By then, Hanoi was no longer helping the NLF out with guns and training; they were sending trained North Vietnamese troops across the border. Despite small victories, Hanois war didnt seem winnable until the 1968 Tet Offensive, when Hanoi gained the upper hand. The USA continued to throw warm bodies to the tune of 3.14 million men and women at the increasingly bloody conflict until the 1973 cease-fire. The USA evacuated almost all troops out of Vietnam in return for Hanois commitment to keep communism above the 17th parallel. They also cut off most financial and other aid to South Vietnam. By 1975, the southern half of the country was running on fumes. North Vietnam launched a massive attack on the South on January 1975; Saigon surrendered in April. No one, least of all the leadership in Hanoi, was prepared for reunification. At least two million Vie tnamese had died in the conflict and scars ran deep; the environment and economy were shambles. The violence wasnt over, either: In 1979, answering for Vietnams 1978 invasion of Cambodia, China attacked Hanoi. The Chinese were repelled within 17 brutal days. The 1980s witnessed a devastating famine that left Hanoi with rice shortages and strict rations, a continuing guerrilla war with the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia and the opening of European communism. Surprisingly, Vietnam finished the decade in much better shape than it started. In February 1990, the government called for more openness and criticism, but was unprepared for the seething discontent behind the floodgates. Hanoi backtracked, but began allowing more economic openness while keeping government structure (and media access) in a lockbox. In 1992 Vietnam signed a peace treaty with Cambodia, and in 1994, the USA lifted economic sanctions on the country. The two former enemies now maintain diplomatic relations. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "About hanoi" essay for you Create order 2, Recent History As the economy continues to open to foreign investment and private ownership, Hanois leadership remains in the hands of hard-line communists. The economys command structure insulated Vietnam from the worst of the Asian economic crisis (though its currency was devalued twice); the crisis actually increased confidence in the Communist Party. The growing private business sector in the city makes it obvious; however, that capitalism is making sturdy inroads into Vietnam. While the government is eyeing Most Favored Nation status with the US and, eventually, membership of the WTO, its human rights record is bound to be a stumbling block. 3, Pre 20th Century History Human habitation of Northern Vietnam goes back about 500,000 years according to archaeological evidence. The site of present-day Hanoi has been populated for at least 10,000 years. These first inhabitants formed a feudally organized society that first relied on hunting, fishing and gathering, later developing animal husbandry and agriculture. These tribes developed in relative isolation until about 2000 years ago. The Han Chinese set up a military garrison near present-day Hanoi in 214 BC, using it as a base of operations that would eventually control most of modern Vietnam. The next 1000 years of Chinese rule introduced important technological innovations to the Vietnamese, including ploughs and irrigation systems. But rebellion simmered in every town, and the millennium was punctuated by revolution and resistance. This tradition of rebellion shaped Vietnams national character. Vietnamese rebels saw their chance when Chinas Tang dynasty collapsed. In 938, revolutionary leader N go Quyen gave the Chinese a sound whipping and established an independent Vietnamese state, but after his death the region fell into anarchy. In 980, Vietnam became a semi-independent client state of China, stabilizing the situation all for the cost of a biannual tribute. For the next 400 years, the site of present-day Hanoi served as the administrative seat for all of Vietnam. The Grand Royal enclosure, now the citys Old Quarter, was constructed and the nations first university, the Temple of Literature, was founded during the first century of home rule. Attacks by the Khmers, Chinese and even Kublai Khan were repelled by national forces. All this was done with little Chinese interference. The Chinese never forgot their plum province, however, and in 1400 they captured Hanoi again. National hero Le Lois guerrilla tactics and peasant support eventually reclaimed Vietnamese independence. A period of nationalism and renewed interest in Confucianism followed a reaction to increased dis content with Europeans, their values and their missionaries. The missionaries didnt take the hint, however, and in 1858 several were killed. The French had an excuse to invade, and by 1867 South Vietnam was a French colony. Hanoi was captured in 1874. The impotent imperial court was allowed to remain, indulging itself in various coups and capers, but the French controlled the nation. Chapter 2: Geography and climate Hanoi is the capital city of Vietnam. It is located at 20 °25 latitude North and 105 °30 longitude East in the plains of North Vietnam. There are many rivers flowing eastwards to the sea. This is a convenient transport cluster for all the Northern provinces. The climate is tropical and affected by monsoons. There are four seasons in Hanoi, there are: Spring; it starts from February to April; average temperature is from 15 ° to 20 °C (59 ° -68 ° F), drizzle is frequent with wet weather. This is the season of the Lunar New Year holiday and many folk festivals. Summer; it starts from May to August; average temperature is from 30 ° to 36 ° C (86 ° -97 ° F). There is much rain and sunshine. Autumn; it starts from September to November; average temperature is 25 ° to 36 ° C (75 ° 97 °F). It is cool, clear and dry. This is the best season in Hanoi, but it is short, lasting no more than 50-60 days. Winter; it starts from December to January; the lowest tempe rature is from 10 ° to 15 °C (48 ° -59  °F). The weather is cloudy and wet. The monsoons cause many phases of cold. The annual average rainfall in Hanoi is 1800 mm. In the past, many rivers flowed through Hanoi, but they changed their currents from time to time, therefore the ground is mainly deposited by alluvium and there are many lakes. These rivers and lakes give Hanoi a natural beauty. In the flood season, the water level of the largest rivers flowing through Hanoi (the Red River, the Duong, Nhue, Day Rivers) rises very high. During ancient times, the Vietnamese people have built thousands of kilometers of dykes by the river banks. Nowadays, in the city, some sections of the ancient dykes have become traffic roads Chapter 3: Administrative zones At the present time, Hanoi comprises 7 inner districts and 5 suburban districts. Nevertheless, districts may be increased in number as the capital is developing fast together with the country. The 7 inner districts of Hanoi are: Hoan Kiem district: This is a trade, cultural and administrative centre. The Municipal Peoples Committee, the Central Bank and important state offices are located in this district. It also includes theatres, railway stations, markets and busy commercial streets. There are two bridges link Hoan Kiem district with the other side of the Red River. Hoan Kiem Lake in the centre of the district is considered as the heart of the capital. Its ancient streets still keep deep imprints of Hanois millenary history; therefore they should be protected as historical relics. The Hoan Kiem lake description will be explain further in next chapter. Ba Dinh district: Ba Dinh district is located at South of West Lake, a zone where many highest state bodies and diplomatic offi ces are located. The Mausoleum and Museum of Ho Chi Minh and the Hanoi old citadel are also located in this district. The Western part of this district is being reconstructed through large projects. Hai Ba Trung district is situated of Hoan Kiem Lake including trade and administrative zones. It is developing southwards, covering some industrial and population localities between the National Road 1 A and the Red river. Dong Da district. This is a Southwest expanded part of the city including many common living quarters, colleges, hospitals and factories built in the 1960s and 1970s. Large transport routes and multi-storey buildings are now under construction in this district in the Southern part of Dong Da lake. Recently, the districts of Tay Ho, Thanh Xuan and Cau Giay have been formed on the territory of the old districts and precincts to satisfy the development demands of the city. In these new districts, the construction tempo has increased on the basis of the better planning. The suburban districts of Tu Liem and Thanh Tri are located in the South of the city; Dong Anh and Soc Son districts are in the North; and Gia Lam districts are in the East. Formerly, these districts were agricultural areas, providing the capital with food and vegetables. At present, new factories, industrial and export processing zones are being established in this district. https://www.vietnamembassy-usa.org/learn_about_vietnam/geography/ha_noi/ Chapter 4: Hanois people There was a long period in the northern part of the country of relative isolation from the west. Thus Vietnamese in Hanoi and its surrounding areas tend to be quite curious about westerners. Travelers should expect to be watched and commented on, and to be asked questions considered somewhat intrusive by western standards (how old are you, are you married, how much money do you make, why do you have those children, etc.). None of this is meant to cause offense; it is just a simple curiosity. Vietnamese live much more out in their neighborhoods than do typical westerners, who live and work in closed-up buildings and travel everywhere by car, and are avid observers of (and commentators on) life around them. Hanoians are overwhelmingly honest and good-natured people. There is no animosity toward Americans left over from the war. People tend to be forward-looking and prefer not to dwell on the past; they are pragmatic, down-to-earth, and extremely hard-working, particularly women. A dults almost universally dote on children. Travelers can expect to have their babies taken away to be held, and their children of all ages entertained in shops, restaurants, and hotels. Merchants and peddlers do see western travelers as great sources of income and relatively easy marks. They bargain aggressively and overcharge without mercy (but will scrupulously count change when the bargain is struck). Small children selling postcards and shoe shining services can be quite ruthless. People asking for hand-outs are very persistent and at times unpleasant. Travelers who walk purposefully, say no firmly to unwanted offers, and make minimal eye contact are fare best. * * * B. Special features in Hanoi Chapter 1: Hanoi 36 streets 1, History of Hanois Old quarter As the oldest continuously developed area of Vietnam, Hanois Old Quarter has a history that spans 2,000 years and represents the eternal soul of the city. Located between the Lake of the Restored Sword, the Long Bien Bridge, a former city rampart, and a citadel wall, the Old Quarter started as a snake and alligator-infested swamp. It later evolved into a cluster of villages made up of houses on stilts, and was unified by Chinese administrators who built ramparts around their headquarters. The area was named Dominated Annam or Protected South by the Chinese. The Old Quarter began to acquire its reputation as a crafts area when the Vietnamese attained independence in the 11th century and King Ly Thai To built his palace there. In the early 13th century, the collection of tiny workshop villages which clustered around the palace walls evolved into craft cooperatives, or guilds. Skilled craftsmen migrated to the Quarter, and artisan guilds were formed by craftsmen originating from th e same village and performing similar services. Members of the guilds worked and lived together, creating a cooperative system for transporting merchandise to the designated streets in the business quarter. Because inhabitants of each street came from the same village, streets developed a homogeneous look. Commoners homes evolved out of market stalls, before streets were formed. Because storekeepers were taxed according to the width of their storefront, storage and living space moved to the rear of the buildings. Consequently, the long and narrow buildings were called tube houses. Typical measurements for such houses are 3 meters wide by 60 meters long. The Old Quarter has a rich religious heritage. When the craftsmen moved from outlying villages into the capital, they brought with them their religious practices. They transferred their temples, pagodas and communal houses to their new location. Each guild has one or two religious structures and honors its own patron saint or f ounder. Therefore, on each street in the Old Quarter there is at least one temple. Now, many of the old temples in the Old Quarter have been transformed into shops and living quarters, but some of the old buildings religious roots can still be recognized by the architecture of their roofs. Although the old section of Hanoi is often called the 36 Old Streets, there are more than 36 actual streets. Some researchers believe that the number 36 came from the 15th century when there might have been 36 guild locations, which were workshop areas, not streets. When streets were later developed, the guild names were applied to the streets. Others attribute the 36 to a more abstract concept. The number nine in Asia represents the concept of plenty. Nine times the four directions makes 36, which simply means many. There are now more than 70 streets in the area. Some streets have achieved fame by their inclusion in popular guidebooks. Han Gai Street offers silk clothing ready-made and tail ored, embroidery, and silver products. Hang Quat, the street that formerly sold silk and feather fans, now stuns the visitor by its brilliantly colored funeral and festival flags and religious objects and clothing. To Thinh Street connects the above two and is still the wood turners street. Hang Ma glimmers with shiny paper products, such as gift wrappings, wedding decorations and miniature paper objects to burn for the dead. Lan Ong Street is a sensual delight of textures and smells emanating from the sacks of herbal medicinal products: leaves, roots, barks, and powders In the early 13th century, the collection of tiny workshop villages which clustered around the palace walls evolved into craft cooperatives, or guilds. The Old Quarterbegan to acquire its reputation as a crafts area when the Vietnamese attained independence in the 11th century and King Ly Thai To built his palace there. In the early 13th century, the collection of tiny workshop villages which clustered around the palace walls evolved into craft cooperatives, or guilds. Skilled craftsmen migrated to the Quarter, and artisan guilds were formed by craftsmen originating from the same village and performing similar services. Members of the guilds worked and lived together, creating a cooperative system for transporting merchandise to the designated streets in the business quarter. Because inhabitants of each street came from the same village, streets developed a homogeneous look. Commoners homes evolved out of market stalls, before streets were formed. Because storekeepers were taxed according to the width of their storefront, storage and living space moved to the rear of the buildings. Consequently, the long and narrow buildings were called tube houses. Typical measurements for such houses are 3 meters wide by 60 meters long. The Old Quarter has a rich religious heritage. When the craftsmen moved from outlying villages into the capital, they brought with them their religious practices. They transferred their temples, pagodas and communal houses to their new location. Each guild has one or two religious structures and honors its own patron saint or founder. Therefore, on each street in the Old Quarter there is at least one temple. Now, many of the old temples in the Old Quarter have been transformed into shops and living quarters, but some of the old buildings religious roots can still be recognized by the architecture of their roofs. Although the old section of Hanoi is often called the 36 Old Streets, there are more than 36 actual streets. Some researchers believe that the number 36 came from the 15th century when there might have been 36 guild locations, which were workshop areas, not streets. When streets were later developed, the guild names were applied to the streets. Others attribute the 36 to a more abstract concept. The number nine in Asia represents the concept of plenty. Nine times the four directions makes 36, which simply means many. There are now more than 70 streets in the area. Some streets have achieved fame by their inclusion in popular guidebooks. Han Gai Street offers silk clothing ready-made and tailored, embroidery, and silver products. Hang Quat, the street that formerly sold silk and feather fans, now stuns the visitor by its brilliantly colored funeral and festival flags and religious objects and clothing. To Thinh Street connects the above two and is still the wood turners street. Hang Ma glimmers with shiny paper products, such as gift wrappings, wedding decorations and miniature paper objects to burn for the dead. Lan Ong Street is a sensual delight of textures and smells emanating from the sacks of herbal medicinal products: leaves, roots, barks, and powders. 2, Some streets in Old Quarter -Hang Bac Street A majority of the street names in the Old Quarter start with the word hang. Hang means merchandise or shop. The guild streets were named for their product, service or location. Hang Bac, one of the oldest streets in Vietnam, dates from at least the 13th century. Bac means silver, and appropriately, this street started as a silver ingot factory under the reign of Le Thanh Tong (1469-1497). Village people, called the Trau Khe silver casters, were brought into the capital to cast silver bars and coins. After a ceremony to transfer their craft from their village of Trau Khe to Hanoi, they set up two temples to honor the founders of their craft. At one communal house, the silver was molten and poured into molds. At the other communal house, the molds were further processed for delivery to the Prime Minister. The crafters went to great lengths to keep their methods secret to avoid counterfeit products. At the turn of the 18th century, the street took on more varied functions. In addit ion to the casting of silver ingots, the street attracted more jewelry makers and money exchangers. Money exchangers thrived, since in the old days, paper money was not used. Instead, currency consisted of bronze and zinc coins and silver ingots. When merchants needed a large amount of money for business transactions, they would exchange the heavy metal bars on Hang Bac. During the French time it was called Exchange Street. Although paper currency was later used, the word for it included the word bac. Hang Bac also has jewelers of different types: engravers, smelters, polishers, and gold-leaf makers. The first jewelry makers were the Dong Cac guild, which settled during the Le dynasty (1428-1788). They founded a temple dedicated to three brothers who learned their art in China in the 6th century, and who are considered the patron saints of the Vietnamese jewelry making profession. There are several famous buildings on this street. In the communal house on Hang Bac, there is a stone stele, built in 1783, telling about a Mandarin who forcibly took over the communal house. The locals took him to court and won back their building. The Dung Tho Temple is dedicated to Chu Bi, a Taoist deity. At the end of the French colonial period, this temple had been named Truong Ca, after a person who watched over the temple and served the best noodle soup. One building on this street is the pride of contemporary history-the Chuong Vang (Golden Bell) Theater, which still hosts traditional Vietnamese theater performances. The former traditional-venue theater, the To Nhu (Quang Lac) Theater built in the 1920s, also is on this street but has been transformed into apartments. -Hang Be Street In the mid-19th century, the guild of bamboo raft makers was located on this street outside the My Loc gate, one of the many sturdy gates to the city. The cai mang raft consisted of 12 to 15 large bamboo poles lashed together by strips of green bamboo bark. Their anterior was slightly raised by heating the wood, and the aft was rigged with three quadrangular sails made of coarse linen dyed with extracts of sweet potato skins. Bamboo rafts were sensible for Hanois shallow rivers, lakes and swamps, which can not provide solid anchorage or natural shelter from storms. The flat design better weathered the seasonal typhoons that lash the northern part of Vietnam, and is better adapted to coastal and river fishing. The bamboo poles from which the rafts were constructed were sold one block east on Hang Tre Street. -Cau Go Street Meaning Wooden Bridge, Cau Go Street is located one block north of the Lake of the Restored Sword, and was in fact the location of a wooden bridge. About 150 years ago, the bridge crossed a thin stream of water connecting the Thai Cuc Lake with the Lake of the Restored Sword. Dyers from the neighboring Silk Street set out their silk to dry or bleached their fabric beside the bridge. Under the French occupation, the lake and stream were filled as health measures and to increase buildable land. The little wooden bridge became a regular street. On the edge of the lake, women in wide brimmed hats once sold armfuls of flowers to the French for a few coins. Today a flower market exists where the Cau Go alley intersects with the main street. Other historical sites on Cau Go are the secret headquarters and hiding place of the 1930-45 Love the Country resistance movement. Cau Gotoday is a commercial street specializing in womens accessories. -Hang Dao Street This street is one of Vietnams oldest streets. It serves as a main axis running from north to south, cutting the Old Quarter in half. In the French Colonial time, Hang Dao Street was a center for the trading of silk products. On the first and sixth days of the lunar month, there were fairs for the sale of silk items. Shops also sold other types of fabric such as gauze, brocade, crepe, and muslin. Almost all the non-silk products were white. In the beginning of the 15th century, this street was the location of the silk dyer guild from the Hai Hung Province, which specialized in a deep pink dye. Dao, the name of the street, refers to the pink of apricot blossoms, which are symbolic of the Vietnamese Lunar New Year. The demand for this special color was so high that the fabric had to be dyed at other locations as well. Hang Thiec is the street of tinsmiths. The craftsmen originally produced small tin cone-shaped tips which were used to preserve the shape of the traditional conic al hats By the 18th century, the dye colors diversified. In the 18th-century work Notes About the Capital, the author wrote that Hang Dao guild does dying work. It dyes red as the color of blood, black as Chinese ink, and other beautiful colors. In the 19th century, Hang Dao was lined by about 100 houses, of which only 10 or so were constructed of bricks. The rest were of thatch. On the side of the street alongside the now filled-in Hang Dao Lake, the foundations of the houses have visibly sunk lower than the road. By the turn of this century, Indian textile merchants opened shops for trading silk and wool products imported from the West. This street now specializes in ready-made clothing. -Dong Xuan Street/ Market Street This street originally belonged to two villages-the even numbered houses were occupied by the Nhiem Trung village, and the odd numbered houses were occupied by the Hau Tuc village. The Dong Xuan market, Vietnams oldest and largest market, occupies half of the street. River networks formed the economic hub of Hanoi by providing a system of waterways which fed the city and markets. Located at the confluence of the To Lich and Red Rivers, the Dong Xuan market was once one of the busiest urban areas in Southeast Asia. The French required merchants to bring their goods inside the fenced perimeter of the market in order to facilitate tax collections. When the number of merchants swelled, the market was enlarged. In 1889, a structure was built over it, and five gates were built leading to it. Each of the five market gates was used only for specified goods. In 1992, the market was renovated and a new facade erected. -Hang Mam Street Hang Mamis the union of two old streets: an eastern offshoot called Hang Trung and the original Hang Mam. The name is derived from the various kinds of mam, or fish sauces, that are produced and sold here, as well as other sea products. The street was originally on the riverside, close to the days catch. Nuoc mam, or fish sauce, is made from fish that are too small to be sold individually which are placed in clay vats with water and salt. Boiled water is poured over the fish and weights are placed on top of the mixture to compress it. The concoction distills for days, and the result is a clear amber juice that is rich in protein, vitamins and minerals. With aging, the fierce ammoniac odors of the fish become mellow, and like brandy, the flavor improves. The first pressing, which is the clearest and purest, is called nuoc mam nhi, or prime. The sauce was stored in barrels made on adjacent Hang Thung Street. In the 1940s, new specialties appeared on the street. A small ceramics industry appeared along with those of memorial stone etching, coffin, and tombstone manufacturers. -Ma May Street This street also is a union of two old streets. Hang May sold rattan products, and Hang Ma sold sacred joss (paper replicas of money, clothing, even stereo sets) to burn for the dead. Ma is burned in front of the altar of ancestors accompanied by prayers. Around the turn of the century, the streets became one: Ma May. On the edge of the lake, women in wide brimmed hats once sold armfuls of flowers to the French for a few coins. In the French time, this street was called Black Flag Street because the soldier Luu Vinh Phuc had his headquarters here. Luu was the leader of the Black Flags, a bandit unit operating around Hanoi in the late 19th century. They were essentially pirates who made a living robbing villagers and merchants. In the 1880s, the Black Flags cooperated with the Vietnamese Imperial Forces to resist the French who were attempting to gain military control of Hanoi. In the middle of the street is the Huong Tuong temple, established in 1450, which honors Nguyen T rung Ngan (1289-1370), a governor of Thang Long, the former name of Hanoi. -Hang Thiec Street Hang Thiecis the street of tinsmiths. The craftsmen originally produced small tin cone-shaped tips which were used to preserve the shape of the traditional conical hats. A neighboring street, Hang Non, made the hats, and both streets comprised the Yen No hamlet. Hang Thiec Street also produced oil lamps, candle sticks, and opium boxes. Tin shops sold mirrors, which they still do today, along with sheet metal, zinc, and glass. The street echoes busily with the clanging of hammers against the sheet metal. Workers spread out on the sidewalk shaping metal storage boxes and other objects to custom order. -Hang Thung Street In the old days, on this block inside the Dong Yen gate, barrels were manufactured. The barrels were used for storing and carrying water and fish sauce. The communal house and the temple of the barrel makers guild is located at 22 Hang Thung, but is hidden behind newer buildings. The street is shaded by the leaves of the xoan tree which has a fluffy cream colored cluster flower and bright red berries. The tree has various English names: Margosa, Bead, or China Berry tree. In May, the tiny flowers fall to the ground like yellow confetti. The furrowed bark is often scraped off by local residents, who dry and boil it to make a medicinal infusion as a vermifuge. The Old Quarter is a precious legacy of Hanois ancient past, but the area is challenged by rapid changes. Today, handicraft production is increasingly replaced by restaurants, repair shops, and mini hotels. Historic buildings have become mass living spaces and schools as the population increases. Craft workers now constitute nine percent of the neighborhood. Traders make up 40 percent.With the new economic policies, a dramatic building boom has begun, threatening the charm of the district. Local, national, and international agencies are now formulating plans to preserve the historic ambiance of the Old Quarter. Meaning of the 36 streets (just old name but in fact more than there) Street Name: Description: Bat Dan Wooden Bowls Bat Su China Bowls Cha Ca Roasted Fish Chan Cam String Instruments Cho Gao Rice Market Gia Ngu Fishermen Hai Tuong Sandals Hang Bac Silversmiths Hang Be Rafts Hang Bo Basket Hang Bong Cotton Hang Buom Sails Hang But Brushes Hang Ca Fish Hang Can Scales Hang Chai Bottles Hang Chi Threads Hang Chieu Mats Hang Chinh Jars Hang Cot Bamboo Lattices Hang Da Leather Hang Dao (Silk) Dyer Hang Dau Beans Hang Dau Oils Hang Dieu Pipes Hang Dong Copper Hang Duong Sugar Hang Ga Chicken Hang Gai Hemp Hang Giay Paper Hang Giay Shoes Hang Hanh Onions Hang Hom Cases Hang Huong Incense Hang Khay Trays Hang Khoai Sweet Potatoes Hang Luoc Comb Hang Ma Votive papers Hang Mam Pickled Fish Hang Manh Bamboo-screens Hang Muoi Salt Hang Ngang Transversal Street Hang Non Hats Hang Phen Alum Hang Quat Fans Hang Ruoi Clam Worms Hang Than Charcoal Hang Thiec Tin Hang Thung Barrel Hang Tre Bamboo Hang Trong Drum Hang Vai Cloth Lo Ren Blacksmiths Lo Su Coffins Ma May Rattan Ngo Gach Bricks Thuoc Bac Herbal Medicine Chapter 2: Hoan Kiem Lake Hoan Kiem Lake is the center of the city both literally and figuratively. The lake is the citys most popular strolling ground and a lovers lane at night with couples locked in embrace on benches or parked motorbikes looking out over the placid waters, the shadows of overhanging willows cast by moonlight. In the morning the lake area is crowded with folks out for their morning exercise running or walking in a circle around the lake or joining in with the many tai chi, martial arts, calisthenics, aerobics, and even ballroom dancing groups that meet in the open areas at waters edge. Hoan Kiem Lake is also the citys own creation myth: the Legend of the Lake of the Recovered Sword. In the mid-15th century the gods gave emperor Le Thai To a magical sword to defeat Chinese invaders. While the emperor was boating on the lake one day, a giant tortoise reared up and snatched the sword, returning it to its rightful owners and ushering peace into the kingdom. Stroll around the lake in the ear ly morning or evening to savor local life among the willow trees and see elders playing chess or practicing tai chi. In the center of the lake is the Tortoise Pagoda; on the northern part is Ngoc Son pagoda, reachable only by the stunning Bridge of the Rising Sun, a long, red arch typical of Chinese temple compounds. Ngoc Son is a working temple, meaning that you might walk into a local ceremony of chanting monks and kneeling supplicants. The temple grounds offer great views of the surrounding lake, and the little lakeside park on the island is a popular place for elderly men to enjoy a game of Chinese chess. Dont miss the friendly calligrapher just inside the temple (on the left as you enter). For a nominal fee, have your and your friends names done in Chinese characters, complete with the meanings of each symbol in English on the back (Im Wheat Love Machine) or have a scroll done of significant Chinese characters such as Heart, Love, or Determination (whatever you think you might need). Hoan Kiem is a useful locator for navigating the city; for addresses downtown, people generally give directions in relation to it. Its good to know how to get from the lake to your hotel. The lake is also the jumping-off point for exploring the Old Quarter, Hanois labyrinth of traditional craft streets in a sprawling maze on the north end of the lake. Lakeside is also a good place to find a bench and rest your toes after trundling around town, and you can find some good little cafes, particularly on the north end. Grab an ice cream and take time to stroll or stop and watch the moon reflect off the surface of this magical lake. You might even spot one of the giant turtles who took back the sword of Le Thai To to herald peace in Vietnam; sightings of this rare breed of turtles are quite common. Willows hang over the lake and reflect in the rippling light of dusk. Thap Rua is the small temple that was built in 1886 by an obscure Mandarin official. The temple was at first desp ised and involved in a scandal in which the official tried to have his fathers bones laid to rest at the pagoda base. But over time, tiny Thap Rua, which sits on a small island at the very center of the pond, has become something of the citys Leaning Tower of Pisa, Statue of Liberty, and Eiffel Tower all rolled into one. Just two tiers of window galleries crowned by a short tapered roof, the temple commands great respect despite its recent construction, and its a popular focal point for swooning lovers at lakeside in Hanois Central Park the lungs of the city. The turtles that can be seen basking at the temples base are said to be up to 500 years old and the very species that stole the sword and founded the fair city. Hanoians love their stupa of peace; in fact, recent initiatives to have the aging pagoda painted and restored the small stupa is covered in moss and is overgrown with weeds were met with staunch disapproval from Hanoi citizens. And so it is as it always was. Chapter 3: Food 1, Pho noodle soup a feature of Hanoi Ph? noodle soup first appeared in the 1920s, its less than 100 years old. However, it developed incredibly fast. First, there was only beef noodle soup and it was hawked around the streets. During the 1940s, when there was a shortage of beef, people started making Ph? with chicken as they had become addicted to it. And now Ph? is so popular that almost no street in Hanoi is without a Ph? restaurant. In some areas, there are even 3-4 restaurants, from luxurious to simple ones inside alleys. However not every restaurant can satisfy the strict requirements of Hanoian gourmets, who eat Ph? every morning or late at night during the four seasons. A good bowl of Ph? first requires the flavor of soup, which comes from cooking the ox bones, not from seasoning, along with taste of cardamom, grilled ginger and onion, all mixed together. Noodles must be soft and plastic. Next, brown beef is dipped into the hot soup, and finally spices, including onion and â€Å"th?m† vegetable. The s outherners love to eat Ph? with various types of vegetables, but Hanoians do not eat it that way. Exceptional cases are Ph? bought specially for sick people without meat or for children without onion, but these are not really Ph?. To appreciate Ph? properly, it should be eaten in restaurants with the atmosphere of people going in and out, the sound of bowls, chop sticks and knives, and the passionate faces. Ph? is the delicious speciality food of Hanoi. In Vietnam, you can find Ph? everywhere. The interesting thing is even thought Pho are sold at some tens of km away from Hanoi, it is still longer so delicious. In addition Ph? made from beef and chicken, there are other types of local Ph? like Ph? th?t v?t (duck meat), Ph? th?t l?n (pork), Ph? chua, Ph? cu?n etc., but only Ph? noodle soup made in Hanoi has the special attraction that is found nowhere else in Vietnam. It is, indeed, â€Å"a feature of Hanoi†. Some types of Ph? noodle soups in Hanoi: Ph? bà ² tà ¡ i (rare beef), Ph? bà ² chà ­n (well done beef), Ph? bà ² n?m g?u (beef), Ph? bà ² s?t vang (beef and tomato), Ph? gà   (chicken). One of the most famous brand in Vietnam is Pho 24, but it is the most expensive. Pho also available and sold out in: Jakarta ( Indonesia ), Manila (Philippines), Seoul (Korea ), Phnom Penh (Cambodia ), Sydney (Australia ). Moreover, Pho have a fans page in Facebook with more than 102485 fans. It proves that Pho is popular all over the world. 2, Street foods in Hanoi Instead of Pho as a feature food of Hanoi, there are many street food that also represent Hanois culture and life Most people come to Hanoi are ready to eat. In Hanoi, street food is not merely a quaint or exotic culinary excursion, but is central to how people eat and helps define the culture and rhythm of the city. Some kinds of street food in Hanoi: -Bà ºn Ch?: Bà ºn noodles with grilled pork patties in broth Next to ph?, bà ºn ch?, or bà ºn noodles served with small, savory, crispy and caramelized sliced pork and pork patties, is second in line as the perfect example of Hanoi noodle dish. While there are noodles and there is broth, they arrive separately so this is not strictly a noodle soup. A pile of bà ºn noodles is piled on a plate, and arrives with a bowl of warm to hot, light fish sauce based broth perked up with small slices of lightly pickled green papaya and carrot. These are accompanied by a basket of fresh herbs and vegetables which vary from place to place, but may include small lettuces, bean spouts, curled shredded morning glory (rau mu?ng) stems, cilantro, or some combination of minty, spicy Vietnamese herbs. Central to bà ºn ch?are the tiny grilled pork patties (th?t b?m) or fatty pork slices (th?t mi?ng). These sometimes arrive on a separate small plate, but are most often dumped into the broth before i t is brought to your table. The broth can be adjusted to taste with fresh chili slices or minced garlic, or a spoonful of vinegar infused with both chili and garlic. To eat, dip the noodles into the broth and take a bite together with the smoky, savory caramelized pork pieces. Chase this down with a crunchy piece of lettuce or zesty sprig of herb. Some people choose the wrap and dip approach, using the lettuce to bundle up some bà ºn, a piece of pork and some herbs and dunking into the broth before wolfing the tasty package down. The classic accompaniment to bà ºn ch?is nem cua b? (fried spring rolls), which are some combination of minced pork, crab meat, vermicelli (glass noodle), mushroom, and bean spouts, wrapped like an egg roll in a rice paper wrapper, and then fried. You can usually order these individually on the side. -L?u, or Vietnamese hot pot, is one of the great joys when cold weather descends on Hanoi. It is not only warming for the hands and belly, but it is also a communal experience made more agreeable by sharing with friends, huddled together around the steaming pot. L?u will be familiar to Chinese food connoisseurs as † †, or hot pot, but as always, the Vietnamese have applied their own â€Å"characteristics.† Essentially, you get a big pot of soup and a heaping tray of stuff to put in it. The basic soup is a savory broth, laden with spices, MSG, tomatoes and pineapple (go figure), placed in front of you on top of what is, from what I can tell by observing, a 30 year-old burner fueled by an old can of spray paint. When a battered, unstable pot of boiling broth is balanced in front of you on a rattrap tin burner whose fuel can has just been encouraged to last a bit longer through a method involving banging it on the pavement for a minute or two, its best to have another swig of beer and remember that fate is an important part of the Vietnamese cosmology. Then tuck in to the deliciousness.The ingredients you get along si de depend on what you order; seafood (L?u H?i S?n is seafood hot pot. L?u Th?p C?m is mixed meat and seafood.) Also on the plate will be large piles of greens, tofu, starchy taro root, and at least two kinds of noodles. Drop food in the broth, let it cook, take it out and eat! This job gets considerably tougher when your order the shrimp, which is often served live; throwing a live shrimp in a l?u pot will earn you a serious talking to by your boiling broth-spattered dining companions. You need to follow the lead of the restaurant staff and hold the shrimp securely with your chopsticks in the boiling soup until you feel it stop flipping its tail. Like all good food in Vietnam, l?u requires you to get up close and personal with your carnivore side. While waiting for your food to cook (or calling loudly for more free broth, or for extra noodles and greens for pennies), you can drink beer, chat with your friends, and enjoy the savory steam wafting from the roiling cauldron. L?u, warmin g your belly and your heart, seems like it was made for the misty winters in northern Vietnam.† -Snails, boiled and infused with the essence of ginger, lemongrass and lemon leaf, is an utterly simple yet delicious treat. Order bowls of small, large or mixed snails, which will arrive with a bowl of dipping sauce and a small green kumquat (to brighten the sauce) speared with a sliver of metal (to dig out the tasty snails). More than your usual nc ch?m, or dipping sauce, the sauce for ?c starts with the same base of water, fish sauce, vinegar, sugar and lime juice, but is boosted in fragrance and flavor from generous additions of lemongrass, ginger, chili and lemon/lime leaves. Once you are finished with your bowl (or two) of ?c, you can call for a bowl of nc ?c or cooking broth. Dump your remaining dipping sauce in this to create a delicious soup that will chase away all ills, physical and spiritual. This essay referred information from some pages: https://hanoicorner.c om/phpBB2/index.php

Organizational Behavior Seemed Irrelevant To Me, In Fact,

Organizational behavior seemed irrelevant to me, in fact, I likened it to office politics where those who â€Å"played ball† were the ones that were more likely to succeed. While that may be true, to a certain extent, organizational behavior is a way of understanding people and their personalities and using that information to make connections; My perception has changed from it being something negative to a positive skill set. It is a useful tool to gain insight into my own behavioral patterns while juxtaposing my personality traits with that of my co-workers to see how I can become a better co-worker, employee, and leader. In taking the Myers-Briggs Personality Test for the second time in three years my relational style has not changed. I†¦show more content†¦The following are figures: As an ENFJ, my primary mode of living is externally focused so much so that I deal with things according to how I feel about them, or fit into my personal value system (Keirsey, p. 18). This aspect is evident to others as I hold the Christian worldview aligning everything to biblical standards. Dr. Fischer further explains the importance of recognizing that our view on organizational behavior and on life itself is influenced by our worldview, which is, â€Å"an intellectual, emotional, and spiritual framework by which every person views reality, makes sense of life, and applies meaning to everything (Fischer, 2009). E-Extraverted Extraverts are the equivalent of a â€Å"D† personality type on the DiSC graph: â€Å"D† Control Specialists– Dominance shapes the environment by overcoming opposition to accomplish results. Priorities include: task and results; motivated by challenges; appears to be direct and self-assured and fears being taken advantage of (DISC Profiles, 2014). It would be to my advantage as a â€Å"D† type to â€Å"Opt Out† of my need to win when it comes to relationships. This aspect of my personality is both a strength and weakness in my work life. I am known as the â€Å"go-to girl† for all difficult tasks. A couple of months ago, our Vice President of Human Resources was walking around introducing the new President of our location in Europe, when she got to myShow MoreRelatedEssay about The Vigilance Project Case Study2360 Words   |  10 Pagesthere were issues they wanted to discuss. Didier strongly controlled the way meetings were run by restricting the kinds of information that was exchanged and the ways in which it was exchang ed. Also, the other French team members seemed to be in accordance to Didier’s behavior. When there was discussion, many of the U.S. core team members felt their ideas were given little or no consideration. He was too autocratic which was backed up by Reynolds and Lanigan, Powell all from the US counterpart of theRead MoreWhy I Don t An Event Essay3850 Words   |  16 Pageswade through. My friends all gave me a hard time and a light ribbing for getting older, and we all enjoyed the day, but it was really just another day. What amazes me is that it seems like a week ago that I was 21, and I could have sworn yesterday I was 31, but today I’m 41. I don’t feel old; in fact, I don’t feel any different than when I was 21. Perhaps I’m a little slower or have a few more aches and pains, but I don’t feel like I’m getting older. The fact remains though, that I am, I am gettingRead MoreThe Metric Division Case - Midterm Case2789 Words   |  12 Pageswork is designed - group composition, which details characteristics of group members - team functioning, which affirms the quality of group dynamics among members - Performance Norms, which are the unwritten rules that govern behavior We will try to describe the various issues Metric Division encountered using the Group Level – Open Systems Model to attempt to diagnose the problems this company seems to face. Goal Clarity When asked the question â€Å"What are the goals prioritiesRead MoreInside Fedex Express15684 Words   |  63 Pagescorporations that interface with the OPCOs. The company continues to operate under the company founder, Fred Smith’s, original 1973 business plan, adding improvements as global competition and opportunities have emerged. Summary of Findings The organizational capacity to successfully adapt and effectively compete at FedEx Express is enhanced through the influence of their leadership culture. The fundamental elements of the culture are: identity, information exchange, learning ability, freedom of actionRead MoreWeek 1 Discussion Essay10356 Words   |  42 Pages | | RE: Welcome to Week 1 | Rae Davis   | 7/13/2012 11:38:48 PM | | | Thomas, in regards to the line you comment on innovative changes often originate from lower levels of the organization, I totally agree withthat statement due to the fact that those lower level employees are the ones who are working in the fields, in terms of having their hands on the equipment and having the full knowledge of what improvements are needed in the work field. Innovation often derive from insight and evenRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 PagesManagement Course: MBA−10 General Management California College for Health Sciences MBA Program McGraw-Hill/Irwin abc McGraw−Hill Primis ISBN: 0−390−58539−4 Text: Effective Behavior in Organizations, Seventh Edition Cohen Harvard Business Review Finance Articles The Power of Management Capital Feigenbaum−Feigenbaum International Management, Sixth Edition Hodgetts−Luthans−Doh Contemporary Management, Fourth Edition Jones−George Driving Shareholder Value Morin−Jarrell LeadershipRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesmymanagementlab is an online assessment and preparation solution for courses in Principles of Management, Human Resources, Strategy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Read More My Philosophy Of Education Essay7393 Words   |  30 Pagesto me. After I stopped to listen to the voice, I found myself on a path quite different from nursing. This path was foreign to me and I was frightened of the new life it was offering me and joyful at the chance to live a dream that I held so secretly in my heart for years. I had no idea what to expect from this new life challenge being set before me and the feelings of loss, fear, excitement, and challenges it would lay down before me. As I began to explore this new challenge before me, I wentRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesOrganizational Behavior This page intentionally left blank Organizational Behavior EDITION 15 Stephen P. Robbins —San Diego State University Timothy A. Judge —University of Notre Dame i3iEi35Bj! Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Director of Editorial Services:Read MoreDimensionalizing Cultures. the Hofstede Model in Context11051 Words   |  45 Pagesfor comparing cultures, research efforts that followed and built on it. The article stresses that dimensions depend on the level of aggregation; it describes the six entirely different dimensions found in the Hofstede et al. (2010) research into organizational cultures. It warns against confusion with value differences at the individual level. It concludes with a look ahead in what the study of dimensions of national cultures and the position of countries on them may still bring. This article is available

War Essay Example For Students

War? Essay Owens poem serves to uncover the lie that it is sweet and becoming to die for ones country. Owens use of diction, vivid language, and graphic imagery emphasizes his point. The poem describes the fatigue, blindness, evil, obscenity, death, sufferings, and disgust of war. It shows the true life of a soldier, lying low, ill, endlessly trudging through mud with bloody feet, away from and into the pain of gas poisoning of comrades, and away from the injured and dead, but never away from the memories. It ends with a bitter attack on those who see glory in the death of others. The only beauty in this poem is an idea that rest will come. Unfortunately, it is pointed out that the only rest is an undignified death; for those who sleep, sleep restlessly. The ugliness of war is described as low like old beggars under sacks, diseased coughing like hags, blood-shod. All went lame, all blind, exhausting drunk with fatigue, pointless floundring . . . Dim . . As under a green sea . . . drowning, careless of living or dead flung aside, evil like a devils sick of sin, disgusting like eyes writhing . . . blood gargling from the froth-corrupted lungs. . . vile, incurable sores, bitter as the cud, and merciless on innocent tongues. The comparisons of lines 1, 14, 20, and 23 through 24, describe the soldier as someone the reader can see and war as the disease Owen wants the inexperienced to understand. 1 Bent double, like old beggars under sacks, 14 As under a green sea, I saw him drowning. 20 His hanging face, like a devils sick of sin; This places the reader in the soldiers placedrowning, stumbling, and fumblingand shows the lack of glory in war. These lines tell the reader what a man becomes once he has been to warless than an admirable human, drowned in evil deeds, and emotionless. Lines 23 and 24 give war a character. 23 Obscene as cancer, bitter as the cud 24 Of vile, incurable sores on innocent tongues, They create a tangible entity for the reader. They show the truth of the creature of warcancerous, bitter, incurableand its eternal, undignified effect on the innocent. Owen uses plural pronouns and the past tense to describe what cannot be undone. He uses we and our to include the reader as part of the ill-equipped troopsas tired marchers and witnesses to death and pain. Owen changes to the present tense and singular pronouns to prove he was there and speaks specifically to those who could not know without experience. He relates urgency through his personal experiences to those who might believe that to die in war is a glorious and heroic act. He points a very strong finger at those who would influence the innocent. The thought of killing, watching comrades be killed, and of constantly trying to survive is horrific. Owens precise details of the emotions, thoughts and sights of the soldier, succeed to drive the full horror home. The scene witnessed by Owen is detailed enough to seem familiar. All the senses are used by Owen; the constant inputs of sound, smell, touch as well as sight increase the dimensions of his images. He attempts to connect war with other aspects of human suffering. Owen makes images and actions recognizable, even to those who have never experienced war. Words/ Pages : 565 / 24